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A delicately woven together network of processes, smart technologies for traffic help transport personnel as well as commuters and drivers to manage traffic flow and efficiency. Intelligent traffic systems can adjust the control mechanisms, such as traffic lights and freeway onramp meters as well as bus rapid transit lanes. They also use advanced IoT routers and hardware, cellular technology and wireless networks. They can also forecast changes in traffic demand, and provide in-real-time information to road users.
An excellent example is the adaptive traffic signal system in Pittsburgh. Stephen Smith, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University’s (CMU) constructed his first experimental traffic signals in a congested area of East Liberty in the city. He noticed immediate results. Drivers drove 25 percent more efficiently and were able to drive 40 percent more efficiently.
The system works by collecting data from sensors which monitor the traffic flow and adjust their timing on-the-fly. It also detects pedestrians at intersections, and gives them enough time to safely cross the street. Sensors send their raw data into a central hub which is then processed by artificial intelligence. The data is then transmitted back to the intersections through 5G-enabled cell networks.
These intelligent systems also allow for better, more accurate simulation of risk-reducing scenarios that a human traffic planner would not be able to achieve and all in real-time. This is a significant step towards Vision Zero, the goal of accident-free road driving where motorists and pedestrians are able to share the road without collision.